In pittura e scultura le forme o le immagini biomorfiche sono quelle che, pur essendo astratte, si riferiscono, o evocano, forme viventi come le piante, gli animali e il corpo umano.
Il termine deriva dalla combinazione della parola greca bios, che significa vita, e morphe, che significa forma.
Il modello può essere il corpo umano (antropomorfismo), il mondo animale (zoomorfismo), il mondo vegetale (fitomorfismo).
Il biomorfismo è un termine derivato dal concetto classico di forme create dal potere della natura, applicato all’utilizzo di forme organiche nell’arte del XX secolo, in particolare all’interno del Surrealismo.
Il primo a utilizzare il termine in questo senso fu Alfred H. Barr jr. nel 1936.
La tendenza a prediligere le forme vaghe e organiche in apparente movimento, con un accenno alle forme indefinite e approssimativamente sferiche di germi, amebe ed embrioni, può essere fatta risalire al gusto per il vegetale dell’Art Nouveau alla fine del XIX secolo.
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